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| | Encyclopedia: Crayfish |
 | | Crayfish is a popular dish in Sweden and Finland, and is by tradition primarily consumed during the fishing season in August. | | | The boil is typically flavored with salt, sugar, and the flowers of the dill plant. | | | There are three families of crayfish, two in the northern hemisphere and one in the southern hemisphere. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Crayfish
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| | Signal crayfish |
| | Crayfish are omnivorous, which means they will eat anyything, and won't hesitate to eat dead individuals of the same species or even living ones that are still soft shortly after casting their calcareous outer skeleton. | | | In Sweden, the signal crayfish was chosen instead, because it is believed that the taste of the spinycheek crayfish differs too much from that of the noble crayfish. | | | In 1907, the plague came to Sweden with imported Finnish crayfish. |
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http://www.nrm.se/ev/dok/signal.html.en
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| | Crayfish Plague |
| | The decapods called crayfish, otherwise known as crawfish or crawdads, are freshwater crustaceans (although a few species of crayfish live in brackish or salt water). | | | Astacus astacus is commonly known as the noble crayfish and is the largest of the European freshwater species of crayfish. | | | Others claim that American crayfish, which are often carriers of the plague, were originally introduced as a food species. |
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http://www.american.edu/TED/crayfish.htm
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| | Document sans titre |
| | The tradition with crayfish fishing and eating is strong in Sweden. | | | Crayfish is an ancient inhabitant of Latvia’s fresh water. | | | The crayfishing traditions are similar in Sweden and the southern parts of Norway. |
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http://labo.univ-poitiers.fr/craynet/Halden_abstracts.htm
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| | Crayfish |
| | Crayfish feed on animal and vegetable matter, usually at night, and they are eaten in turn by a range of fish, eels, birds and mammals, including rats, otters and mink. | | | Crayfish look like small lobsters, measure up to 15 cm long, and are greenish-brown in colour. | | | There are exemptions for hotels and restaurants and fish markets which are keeping crayfish for direct human consumption, however they are still bound by the rules concerning the release of foreign crayfish, and the rules stating that crayfish need to be kept in secure conditions. |
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http://www.wbrc.org.uk/WorcRecd/Vol1Iss2/crayFish.htm
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| | Crayfish |
| | Erik the XIV ordered crayfish for his sister Anna’s wedding in 1562, writing to the overseer of Nyköping Castle that he needed a “a big heap” of crayfish and urged the overseer “to fish for them everywhere.” Up to the 19th century crayfish was usually served warm, not cold as today. | | | In Sweden, August is crayfish month, with colored lanterns, the savory aroma of dill and crayfish and the merry sounds of “skål” and “snapsvisor” (aquavit songs). | | | Frozen crayfish is now imported to Sweden from USA, Turkey and other countries and can be bought at any time. |
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http://skandland.com/crayfish.htm
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| | Fiskeriverket rapport 1:1999 (59-81) (In Swedish with English summary) |
| | The largest harvests of noble crayfish are taken in the counties of Gotland, Blekinge and Kalmar. | | | Together with the counties Kalmar, Malmöhus and Skaraborg the harvest in those 5 counties was 91.6%. | | | The largest harvest was achieved in the counties of Blekinge and Kristianstad. |
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http://www.fiskeriverket.se/publikationer/avslutade_serier/fiv_rap1999_1b_eng.htm
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| | Fish & Fly - Jon Beer - 09/02 - Crayfish |
| | On the other hand it may be that the crayfish are reducing the number of trout that reach maturity by browsing on eggs or fry. | | | It is probable that crayfish are a very efficient means of parcelling the edible goodies of the river bed into one magnificent meal – in much the same way that sheep are a good way for us to eat grass. | | | Fish and Fly - Jon Beer - 09/02 - Crayfish |
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http://www.fishandfly.co.uk/jbedit0902.html
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| | Crayfish Traps, Crayfish Trap, Catching crawfish and crayfish with Trapper Arne's crayfish traps |
| | Swedes and Finns love crayfish, so they are not only found in these countries; they are sincerely cherished. | | | As a consequence, large amounts of live California signal crayfish have been exported to Sweden where they thrive. | | | In Europe they have been enjoyed for centuries, while in Turkey, for instance, crayfish are either left alone or exported to Sweden. |
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http://www.trapperarne.com/wherelive.htm
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| | Statens forurensningstilsyn (SFT) - Publikasjoner: Internasjonalt og polarområdene: 1752: ta1752_05.html |
| | "Crayfish are very common in many Estonian watercourses, and as in Norway, these have not been exposed to crayfish pest", explains Tore Taugbøl of the Eastern Norway Research Foundation. | | | Both countries have five species of freshwater crayfish that are not carriers of this deadly infectious disease. | | | The Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT) financed the project. |
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http://www.sft.no/publikasjoner/internasjonalt/1752/utskriftversjon_ta1752_05.html
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| | Defra, UK - Fisheries - Salmon and freshwater fisheries - Crayfish |
| | There are several other non-native crayfish species which may be found in the ornamental trade elsewhere in the world. | | | Homepage > Fisheries > Salmon and freshwater fisheries > Crayfish | | | However, an exception has been made for the keeping of certain named tropical species of crayfish, in heated indoor aquaria. |
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http://www.defra.gov.uk/fish/freshwater/crayfish.htm
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| | Berkeley Daily Planet |
| | Scandinavians, like Cajuns, take their crayfish seriously (in Sweden, boiled in salted water with dill.) Their native species, the noble crayfish (Astacus astacus), was nearly wiped out by a fungal disease called the crayfish plague that first struck in 1907. | | | A couple of weeks ago, over Tuscan roast pork and some good wine, I asked a fellow dinner guest who works on the UC campus if there were still three-spined sticklebacks in Strawberry Creek. | | | Other European countries, notably Ireland and Norway, were alarmed enough to ban the import of all non-native crayfish. |
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http://www.berkeleydaily.org/article.cfm?issue=05-17-05&storyID=21428
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| | SocietyGuardian.co.uk Society Guardian The aliens have arrived |
| | They were sorely missed as they had been viewed as a culinary delicacy for centuries. | | | Plague outbreaks in Scotland and Ireland are said to have come from fishing tackle carrying spores. | | | Insects can be irradiated and fish eggs removed and heat-shocked. |
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http://society.guardian.co.uk/societyguardian/story/0,7843,769967,00.html
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| | Freshwater Crayfish |
| | It is distinguishable from other crayfish species by its claws, which are paler in colour than the rest of its body. | | | Environment Agency (1996) Freshwater Crayfish in Britain and Ireland. | | | Maintain a viable population of white-clawed crayfish at the existing site in Swanside Beck |
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http://www.lbap.org.uk/bap/species/crayfish.htm
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| | Crayfish plague - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Crayfish plague, Aphanomyces astaci, is a water mould that infects and kills the European Astacus crayfish. | | | In Norway, though, some recent implantations of Astacus have been promising. | | | Such implantations of the signal crayfish was the reason for the spread of the disease to United Kingdom and Ireland. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crayfish_plague
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| | Valsans Flodkräfta |
| | This doesn’t mean that we can’t fish for the noble crayfish anymore. | | | You are mostly welcome to fish this two species as much as can carry. | | | Disinfect fishing gear and wet rod lines with methylated spirit if you’ve been fishing in another lake. |
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http://web.bitnet.net/valsan/Engelska_sidor/projekt_flodkraftan_eng.htm
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| | Whistley Crayfish |
| | Christopher sends his crayfish live - you should never, ever even think of cooking a dead one; kept cool and damp packed in boxes, they should stay alive for about 2 weeks. | | | If you call in season, he usually has some in stock suitably starved and ready for sale, but it is advisable to ring first - just in case. | | | They will eat anything, weeds, other fish and prefer an acidic water. |
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http://www.foodloversbritain.com/organisations/organisation-442.html
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| | Snapshots Jeama Stanton - Biologist - Science |
| | Attempts have been made to eradicate the Signal crayfish, but with little success, once established they are very hard to remove. | | | In some countries they are farmed and sold as luxury food items, which can be quite lucrative. | | | Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans that look like miniature lobsters. |
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http://www.open2.net/snapshots/jeama/jeama_science.htm
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| | ENGLISH NATURE : News |
| | Signal crayfish dominate in the south and east of the country. | | | Breeds from the age of two (one in exceptional circumstances) | | | The signal crayfish was introduced to Britain in the 1970s as a commercial venture to supply the restaurant trade. |
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http://www.english-nature.org.uk/news/story.asp?ID=426
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| | Scotland on Sunday - Sport - Other Sport - Rise in American crayfish is bad signal for Scottish rivers |
| | In Scotland we have no indigenous crayfish but signal crayfish, which grow to over 20cm, are omnivores and can prey on small fish and fish eggs. | | | They also reach high densities per square metre and can bury hard, leading to unstable riverbanks and damage to salmon and trout spawning grounds. | | | Signal crayfish become less active and move around less during the winter. |
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http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/othersport.cfm?id=1419962004
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| | BBC NEWS Science/Nature Fake date for 'alien' crayfish |
| | American crayfish have been thriving in British waters for many years. | | | They were introduced into the UK for restaurant food in the 1970s and some later escaped. | | | Signal crayfish often walk overland in their search for a home and are known to colonise freshwaters, killing or displacing native crayfish. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2414881.stm
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| | Interesting and fun information and links about crayfish |
| | The red swamp crayfish may be found anywhere, but is more commonly found where waters are warmer, and there is a muddy bottom. | | | In particular, river otter diets consist of greater than 90% crayfish. | | | The signal crayfish is commonly found in faster moving, cooler waters. |
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http://genome-lab.ucdavis.edu/People/Alumni/TashaBelfiore/crawdads.htm
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| | astacus: Information From Answers.com |
| | Astacus is a genus of crayfish found in Europe and western Asia, comprising three species: | | | Astacus has been added to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. | | | Due to the American crayfish plague, crayfish of this genus have been almost wiped out in Europe and have in many European countries been replaced by the North American signal crayfish, which is resistant to the plague. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/astacus-1
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| | Crayfish Survey |
| | The signal crayfish was originally introduced into England in the mid-1970s, in an attempt to develop a stock of crayfish immune to crayfish plague Aphanomyces astaci, but with the same culinary characteristics of the European noble crayfish. | | | The signal crayfish poses another threat to the white-clawed crayfish, as they are also more successful when competing for food and habitat. | | | The spores can also be transmitted by water, damp angling equipment, birds, animals, and by fish, (although signal and native crayfish appear to be the only hosts). |
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http://www.wbrc.org.uk/WorcRecd/Issue8/crayfish.htm
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| | Scientific Alliance - Challenging and Informed Scientific Debate |
| | This was occupied by a native which was ready for the taking: the white-clawed crayfish, a timid and defenceless pigmy version of the American invader. | | | The spiny crayfish (which also originated in the US) has been rampant across Europe for years, and has been incriminated in the liquidation of native populations there. | | | By the start of the 1990s the little British crayfish was on its back claw. |
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http://www.scientific-alliance.com/news_archives/biodiversity/shellchockin.htm
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| | Edinburgh Evening News - Sport - Advancing crayfish signal grave danger |
| | South of the Border, however, if you want to catch crayfish to eat DEFRA has granted an exception as long as they are being kept for direct consumption. | | | The cause for such worry is the introduction of the American signal crayfish which not only eats the eggs of trout and salmon but will attack smaller juvenile fish, driving them from their habitat. | | | Introduced into the UK in the early 1970s they were farmed for the table, and by all accounts they taste just like lobster. |
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http://edinburghnews.scotsman.com/sport.cfm?id=151412004
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| | CALIFORNIA'S PLANTS AND ANIMALS |
| | When compared with other crayfishes, the Shasta crayfish is medium-sized, and the body and claws are relatively robust. | | | The Shasta crayfish is a relatively long-lived species but has limited reproductive potential; it matures slowly (at age five years) and produces relatively few eggs. | | | It is mostly dark brown dorsally and bright orange red ventrally, especially on the underside of the claws. |
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http://www.dfg.ca.gov/hcpb/cgi-bin/read_one.asp?specy=invertebrates&idNum=2
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| | Fishupdate.com: Alarm sounded over crayfish invasion |
| | In the meantime signal crayfish have been spread to an ever-increasing number of river catchments. | | | The species was first confirmed in the Kirkcudbrightshire Dee in 1996 but nine years later there is still no policy in place to tackle its spread. | | | The trusts say this invasive species has now been found in at least ten Scottish river catchments and that irresponsible human activity is the cause of the spread from catchment to catchment with the most recent discovery in the Tweed system. |
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http://www.fishupdate.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/2957/Alarm_sounded_over_crayfish_invasion.html
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| | B&BC BAP - White-clawed Crayfish Species Action Plan |
| | They prefer alkaline water with limited sediment, free of pollution and plenty of shelter in the form of rock, aquatic plants and tree roots. | | | Crayfish also suffer from water pollution particularly urban and agricultural run-off, domestic sewage and increased levels of sediment. | | | Undertake eradication programme of known populations of non-native crayfish. |
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http://www.wildlifetrust.org.uk/urbanwt/ecorecord/bap/html/crayfish.htm
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| | Document sans titre |
| | 9:00 AM KEYNOTE: Keith Crandall The phylogenetic diversity of the freshwater crayfish. | | | 12:50 PM P. Bohman, L. Edsman and The effect of the large scale introduction of signal crayfish on the F. Nordwall spread of crayfish plague in Sweden 1969-2004. | | | 4:10 PM T. Prestegaard, L. Edsman Identification of noble crayfish populations in Scandinavia and and M. Källersjö other European countries using a microsatellite in the rDNA gene. |
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http://labo.univ-poitiers.fr/craynet/Firenze_program.htm
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| | uk5 |
| | Basically a crayfish is a valued food crustation and the American crayfish is a lot bigger. | | | The signal crayfish (shown above) is what you are most likely to find as they kill white-clawed crayfish or eat all of their food. | | | Not only do the signal crayfish kill and eat the food of the white-clawed crayfish but the also spread a disease (crayfish plague) which kills them both. |
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http://www.geocities.com/fishing244/uk5.html
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| | Aliens are not wanted in the countryside |
| | In Scotland signal crayfish can have a severe impact on freshwater ecosystems by eating freshwater insects, beetles, frogs and juvenile fish and eggs, including salmon. | | | The signal crayfish from North America, a dark brown to black crustacean which can grow up to 16cms in body length and looks a little like a very small lobster, arrived in the UK as part of a drive to farm crayfish commercially. | | | Several areas are particularly worried about the potential for these animals to get into their ecosystems, including Scotland’s most famous salmon river, the Tweed. |
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http://www.nfucountryside.org.uk/news-1157.htm
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| | Signal crayfish -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | They found the signal crayfish and started to introduce it into Swedish rivers and lakes. | | | This was the beginning of the introduction of this crayfish not only to various European countries but also to (A constitutional monarchy occupying the Japanese Archipelago; a world leader in electronics and automobile manufacture and ship building) Japan. | | | Unfortunately, this crayfish has been carelessly introduced to various countries without considering the fact that it carries the (additional info and facts about crayfish plague) crayfish plague, and thus causes the eventual extermination of native crayfish. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/s/si/signal_crayfish.htm
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| | Spring Rivers: Spring Creek Culvert Replacement |
| | For more than ten years signal crayfish were only found in lower Spring Creek (i.e., downstream of the culverts), while an allopatric population of Shasta crayfish was found in upper Spring Creek (i.e., upstream of the culverts). | | | Over the years, however, corrosion and other factors resulted in partial filling of the culverts with embedded gravel and cobble, filling-in of culvert overhangs, and partial collapse of culvert walls. | | | Trapping can be a useful part of a crayfish eradication program, but hand removal is the only way to target all age classes. |
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http://www.springrivers.com/spring_creek.asp
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| | BBC NEWS UK England Tyne/Wear Crayfish war rages in North rivers |
| | Anglers are now being urged to guard against the spread of the signal crayfish by disinfecting equipment if fishing in more than one river. | | | The battle for supremacy is between two species of crayfish in rivers in Northumberland. | | | Environmentalists say the northern stronghold of native British crayfish, in the rivers Wansbeck and Aln, could be under threat from the spread of the aggressive signal crayfish, from the United States. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/tyne/wear/3277443.stm
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| | Spring Rivers: What We Do |
| | In August of 1996, the removal of flashboards from the weirs separating the hatchery ponds allowed signal crayfish to invade the upper ponds (i.e., ponds 2 and 3) where Shasta crayfish were found. | | | The weirs at the downstream ends of the five ponds were left in place to provide barriers to the upstream migration of signal crayfish. | | | The second phase of the project is to restore the 0.25-mile reach of Sucker Springs Creek that was used as a fish hatchery to pre-hatchery conditions. |
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http://www.springrivers.com/sucker_springs.asp
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A cook's best friend